Preposition for Advance Learner

Rule-1: ‡jvf / AvKv¶v Kiv A‡_© Preposition ‘‘after / for’’ e‡m|

            Hanker after            Hunt after          

            Run after                 Crave after/ after

            Aspire after             Greedy after/ for

            Long after/for          Ambition for

Rule-2: wbKU A‡_© Preposition ‘‘to’’ e‡m|

            Near to                  Contigent to

            Adjacent to            Close to

Rule-3: `¶ A‡_© Preposition ‘‘in’’ e‡m|

            Adept in          Proficient in

            Expert in         Deficient in (A`¶)

            Versed in         Apt in

            Excel in          e¨vwZK«g: Good at   Quick at   Ready at

Rule-4: DcKvwiZv /Dc‡hvwMZv A‡_© Preposition ‘‘to’’ e‡m|      

             Useful to               Benefinicial to

             Preferable to         Favourable to

             Necessity to          Essential to

             Suitable to             Congenial to

             Advantageous to   Conducive to

             Profitable to    

Rule-4: Dchz³ /‡hvM¨/A‡hvM¨ A‡_© Preposition ‘‘for’’ e‡m|    

            Qualified for         Fit for

            Eligible for            Suitable for

            Competent for       perfect for

Rule-4: weiZ _vKv /`z‡i _vKv/  Gwi‡q Pjv/ i¶v Kiv/ avib Kiv /gzw³cvIqv A‡_©               Preposition ‘‘from’’ e‡m

            Deter from                        Expect from                       Debar from

            Free from                          Originate from                   Aloof from

            Prohibit from                    Delete from                        Abstain from

            Refrain from                     Prevent from                      Absent from

            Hinder from                      Exchide from                     Conceal from

            Exempt from                     Escape from                       Defend from

            Emerge from                     Suffer from                        Detach from

                  Dissent from                     Distinct from                      Deviate from                   

Rule-5: ¶wZKi/weZ„òv A‡_© Preposition ‘‘to’’ e‡m|

                Hurtful to                    Injurious to

             Detrimental to            Adverse to

             Aversion to                 Prejudicial to

             Offensive to                Antipathy to 

Rule-6: fvM Kiv/eÈ Kiv A‡_© Preposition ‘‘to’’ e‡m|

       Allot to                Allocate to

Rule-7: ‡j‡M_vKv/AvUwK‡q/Rwi‡q _vKv A‡_© Preposition ‘‘to’’ e‡m|

       Cling to                  Adhere to

       Stick to                   Clue to

       Hang to                  True to

       Add to                    Fix to

       Key to

Rule-8: wbf©i Kiv A‡_© Preposition ‘‘on/upon’’ e‡m|

 Count on/upon               Depend on/upon

           Rely on/upon                 Based on/upon

           Contingent on/upon

Rule-9: ZvKv‡bv A‡_© Preposition ‘‘at’’ e‡m|

Eassay and Report Sugesstion

Essays with Hints and without Hints

1.   Water Crisis in Bangladesh

2.   Food Poisoning

3.   3. Food Security

4.   MDG

5.   Environment Pollution

6.   Bricks Fields

7.   Drying River

8.   Women Empowerment

9.   Health for All

10. Earth Quake

11. Education for All

Reports

1.   Mobile Phone Crime

2.   Cyber Crime

3.   Pornography Act 2011

4.   Child Labour in Bangladesh

5.   Early Marriage

6.   Tobacco Free Country

7.   Drug Free Country

Right from of Verbs

প্রিয় শিক্ষার্থীরা। আজ আমরা ইংরেজি ২য় পত্রের Part-A অংশের Use of the Right from of Verbs নিয়ে আলোচনা করব।

Rule-16: Sentence-এর শুরুতে যদি Would that/Oh that থাকে তাহলে Subject-এর পরে could বসে এবং বন্ধনীতে প্রদত্ত verb-এর Present form হয়। উদাহরণ:

Ques. Would that I (go) to America.

Ans. Would that I could go to America.

Rule-17: Sentence-এ ‘to be’ এবং having থাকলে মূল Verb-এর Past Participle হয়। উদাহরণ:

Ques. The thief ran away having (see) the policeman.

Ans. The thief ran away having seen the policeman.

Ques. The Headmaster wants the boy to be (expel).

Ans. The Headmaster wants the boy to be expelled.

Rule-18: Sentence-এ যদি wish, fancy, it is time, it is high time ইত্যাদি থাকে, তাহলে বন্ধনীস্থ Verb-এর Past Tense হয়। উদাহরণ:Ques. I wish, I (win) the prize.

Ans. I wish, I won the prize.

Ques. I fancy, I (fly) among the stars.

Ans. I fancy, I flew among the stars.

Ques. It is time that the government (take) measures against the mosquito menace.

Ans. It is time that the government took measures against the mosquito menace.

Rule-19: যদি বন্ধনীস্থ Verb-এর পূর্বে Preposition এবং cannot help/could not help/with a view to/look forward to/would you mind/used to/without/past/mind/worth ইত্যাদি থাকে, তাহলে সেই Verb-এর ing form হয়। উদাহরণ:

Ques. I go to the market with a view to (see) people.

Ans. I go to the market with a view to seeing people.

Ques. A am looking forward to (stand) first in the class.

Ans. A am looking forward to standing first in the class.

Ques. I often think of (go) to the sea-beach.

Ans. I often think of going to the sea-beach.

Ques. I don’t mind (have) a cup of tea.

Ans. I don’t mind having a cup of tea.

Ques. This job is worth (undertake).

Ans. This job is worth undertaking.

Rule-20: Auxiliary verb ‘to be’-এর রূপান্তর (am, is, are, was, were, shall be, will be) থাকলে Passive Voice-এর ক্ষেত্রে মূল Verb-এর Past Participle হয়। উদাহরণ:

Ques. The boy is (sent) to school.

Ans. The boy is sent to school.

Rule-21: Since/for+Present Perfect Continuous Tense:

Present perfect বা Present Perfect Continuous Tense-এ period of time বা কিছু কালব্যাপী সময় বোঝাতে তার পূর্বে for এবং নির্দিষ্ট সময় বা Point of time বোঝাতে তার পূর্বে since ব্যবহূত হয়। উদাহরণ: 

Ques. It (to rain) since morning.

Ans. It has been raining since morning. 

Ques. It (to rain) for seven days.

Ans. It has been raining for seven days. 

Rule-22: As though বা As if দ্বারা দুটি clause যুক্ত হলে, সে ক্ষেত্রে তাদের পূর্ববর্তী clauseটি present tense হলে, পরবর্তী clauseটি Past Indefinite tense হবে। কিন্তু to be verb-এর ক্ষেত্রে সব Person-এর সঙ্গে were বসবে। উদাহরণ: 

Ques. He talks as if he (to be) mad.

Ans. He talks as if he were mad. 

Ques. He talks as though he (to own) the house.

Ans. He talks as though he owned the house.

Rule-23: একটি simple sentence-এ দুটি Verb ব্যবহূত হলে দ্বিতীয় Verbটি সাধারণত Present participle-এ পরিবর্তিত হয়। উদাহরণ: 

Ques. I saw the girl (to do) her work.

Ans. I saw the girl doing her work.

Ques. I heard the baby (to cry).

Ans. I heard the baby crying.

Ques. The sailor saw the ship (to come) towards the port.

Ans. The sailor saw the ship coming towards the port.

# পরবর্তী অংশ ছাপা হবে আগামীকাল

Suggestion

English Essay.......33 written

Ø Women Employment

Ø ‎Global Warming

Ø ‎Local, Good Governance

Ø ‎Unemployment Problem In Bd

Ø ‎Food Security

Ø The Need For Renewable Energy

Ø ‎The Role Of Civil Servants(Collected)

Ø Globalization

Ø Corruption 

Ø Digital Bangladesh

How to Write an Amplification

How to Write an Amplification

English plays the most important role to be a bcs cadre as it is seen most of the time that those who have a good command over english they always get priority in every sphere of life especially in competitive exam. like bcs where most of the brilliant student appear at on a regular year basis to get the best outcome of life.

Amplification is one of the arts of english that how wisely and decently one elaborates the idea rather using difficult words and complex sentences. In this geard one has to read out different articles,magazines and newspapers from any source especially from the the daily star and the independent that will be very much helpful to be introduced with many words,ideas and mostly innovation power will be radically increased if somene practises it only one month.

I am not still a successful candidate like Momen bhi and 29 th was my first bcs where i only got three months to take preparation for my written test. In the last two years i am just reading reading and reading english especially the english news papers and before that i was very much weak in english. My experience says that a bcs cadidate can write a good amplification by using english in different patterns that makes anyone exceptional from thousands of students.

The factors writing for a standard amplification include:

1) sound language

2) arts of using words

3)good hand writing

4)free of spelling mistake.

5) relevant discussion.

6) relevant quotation mentioning the name of the autror

Reading materials:

1)the daily star

2)the indepedent

3)the daily sun

4)magazines

5)wikepedia

An example:

Self help is the best help

This is a very common saying in our society that upholds the importance of evaluation of one’s deed. We live in the very complex world where every one has to struggle for life. Life is nothing but the challenges coming one after another. Dangers and difficulties are step by step to decelerate the motion of life. But if one is emancipated and charged with enormous potentialities, insha-Allah overcoming challenges one could reach to one’s expected goal. Sometimes, it seems to us that we are walking along a densely forest, many unknown dangers on the way to barred the motion of us. Becoming iron-determined one can overcome irregularities coming on the way. Self-dependency makes one competent and skill and he comes out with outstanding success showing his excellence in all sphere of life. On the other hand, dependency on others makes one lack in competence, skill and potentiality. As a whole he lives in the society as like as a parasite. He feels lack of confidence in him. As a result he could not take any decision to run his life rather he borrows suggestions from others. Primarily it effects well but in the long run he could not find any one beside him to have assistance time to time. But it is imperative for one to be dependent on him. Because it is permanent and very much fundamental that develops one’s mind to face with the emergencies. Taking decision faced with the practical problems one can be complete and enriched and even knowledgeable that will help him to face the crucial situation of life. In a word, the importance of self help can’t be expressed in words. On the contrary, dependency on others makes one lazy, incomplete and in-experienced that in furthermore future he will lose confidence of doing any kind of silly work. That’s why it is rightly said that “Self help is the best help”.

Some useful tips to help you all in the process of amplifying a saying:

1. Decide on the meaning of the saying, significance and implications of the same.

2. Write down the important points you should include in the paragraph and the order in which they should be presented.

3. Think of examples or illustrations you have to include in your paragraph in order to support the main points.

4. Then start writing-- use simple language and precise words. You donot have much space. Usually the length SHOULDNOT exceeds fifteen sentences.

5. Avoid beginning paragraph with sentences such as: This statement means.... The meaning of this saying is... This is well-known paragraph.... Etc

6. Revise what you have written correcting errors of spelling, grammar, punctuation etc.

Now study the following example:

---A stitch in time saves nine---

Main points to be noted:

1. Importance of doing one's work at the right time.

2. Time is precious.

3. If damage is not repaired in time, it may cause great loss.

4. A lesson for all of us.

When an article of clothing gets torn, if it is mended without delay, there will not be further damage and loss. If the mending is postponed, the tear will become larger and we may have to put more stitches to mend later, we may not be able to mend it at all. The dress may become useless. What is true of a piece of cloth is true of several situations in life. To illustrate the point; when we get symptoms of a dreaded disease, we should go to a doctor immediately. If we delay consulting a doctor, the disease may become acute and then either we have to spend too much money, suffer acute pain or reconcile ourselves to an impending doom. Time waits for no one. Therefore, our aim in life should be-- strike the iron while it is hot, or ''make hay while the sun shines''. 

How to Write an Amplification

How to Write an Amplification

Some useful tips to help you all in the process of amplifying a saying:

1. Decide on the meaning of the saying, significance and implications of the same.

2. Write down the important points you should include in the paragraph and the order in which they should be presented.

3. Think of examples or illustrations you have to include in your paragraph in order to support the main points.

4. Then start writing-- use simple language and precise words. You donot have much space. Usually the length SHOULDNOT exceeds fifteen sentences.

5. Avoid beginning paragraph with sentences such as: This statement means.... The meaning of this saying is... This is well-known paragraph.... Etc

6. Revise what you have written correcting errors of spelling, grammar, punctuation etc.

Now study the following example:

---A stitch in time saves nine---

Main points to be noted:

1. Importance of doing one's work at the right time.

2. Time is precious.

3. If damage is not repaired in time, it may cause great loss.

4. A lesson for all of us.

When an article of clothing gets torn, if it is mended without delay, there will not be further damage and loss. If the mending is postponed, the tear will become larger and we may have to put more stitches to mend later, we may not be able to mend it at all. The dress may become useless. What is true of a piece of cloth is true of several situations in life. To illustrate the point; when we get symptoms of a dreaded disease, we should go to a doctor immediately. If we delay consulting a doctor, the disease may become acute and then either we have to spend too much money, suffer acute pain or reconcile ourselves to an impending doom. Time waits for no one. Therefore, our aim in life should be-- strike the iron while it is hot, or ''make hay while the sun shines''. 

How to write a précis

How to Write a Precis

Precis means summarizing of a passage. It actually tests the ability of a reader's comprehension of a piece of article. The following points should be kept in mind in writing a precis: 

1. The precis SHOULD ONLY BE One-Third of the main passage.

2. The main idea must be grasped reading it carefully.

3. It must be written in a paragraph.

4. Give a suitable Title.

5. Figure out unnecessary points from the passage and leave them out.

6. Write with utmost care checking spelling, punctuation and errors.

7. If the main passage is described in the direct speech, try to transform it into indirect speech. And the point of view should be third person narrative.

STUDY the Following example:

 ''The man who has something to say and who is never known to speak unless he is sure to be listen to, especially in deliberative assembly or wherever there is business to be done, while no one pays attention to the man of mere words. Try to have an idea, or if you cannot find one-- ideas are by no means common--have two or three relevant facts. You may tell me that sometimes a man is forced to speak when there is nothing to be said. This doesn't often happen, because if you think a little before you rise, you will almost always find something relevant to the matter in hand, even if the occasion is a purely ornamental one. There is a well-known speech of Cicero's in which he had to present a legal case was weak, so he passed quickly and lightly over it, but made a graceful and eloquent speech upon poetry in general. The theme was not very new then, is still less new now, but the speech was so polished in its language that it can still be read with pleasure. So when you have to propose the health of someone of whose personal merits you know nothing, you may say something about the importance of his office if he is a high civil servant or a mayor, or the services rendered by his profession if he is a surgeon. If you can find nothing at all to say, don't say it. You silence will not harm you in the long run.'' (13th BCS)

>Now have a good look at the following:                        

A Speech should have Substance

Everybody listens to someone who has something to say. One should have an idea or some relevant facts before speaking. A little thinking will always produce such fact. Cicero's speech defending a poet in a legal case is illustrative. The case being weak he said very little about it, but made a wonderful speech on poetry. So when called upon to speak on somebody whose personal qualities one is unaware of, one might talk about things bearing on his office or profession. If one cannot think up any ideas, one should keep silent.

Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the Blanks for BCS Test Preparation


1. No one can ____________ that he is clever .

Answer: Deny

2. The ministers arrived __________ a decision last night .

Answer : at

3. He is devoid ______ common sense.

Answer: of 

4. He ran fast lest he _________ miss the train.

Answer : should

5. What are you so angry ______?

Answer : for

6. To stay healthy, we must plan to have a balanced ________.

Answer : Diet

7. English grammar is not ________ to understand.

Answer: too difficult

8. If we want concrete proof, we are looking for ——?

Answer: Clear Evidence

9. When a character speaks his thoughts alone it is called —–?

Answer: Soliloquy

10. When something is out of its time it is called ——–?

Answer: anachronism

11. I don’t know what she is talking _______.

Answer: about

12. In what way is your job _______ than mine?

Answer: better

13. In case _______ fire, leave the building.

Answer: of

14. He fantasized _________ winning the lottery.

Answer: about

Grammar For BCS Test Preparation

The meaning of the word “obese” is - very fat

“Prior to” means – before

“Paediatric” relates to the treatment of – children

The word “ecological” is related to -environment

“Maiden Speech” means – first speech

“Out and Out means” – thoroughly

A “ pilgrim” is a person who undertakes a journey to a – Holy Place

“Razzmatazz” means —- a noisy exciting activity

“Salarium” is a Latin word that means —— Salary

“Bill of fare” is a —– list of dishes at restaurant.

The word “imbibe” means —- to drink

“An Ordinance” is a —- law

“Bottomline” means —– the essential point

Handsome is that handsome ————–does.

The verb of the word “shortly” is —- shorten

The noun of the word “waste” is —-wastage

“Stand Up” is – imperative sentence

“Through thick and thin” means – Under all conditions.

Replacement of word

Instruction : choose the most appropriate replacement from the options given for the underlined word/words of the following sentence

1. He quickly looked   at his watch.

a) searched b) reached c) glanced d) sobbed e) raced

Ans : C – Glanced

2. When her dog died, she cried very hard for half an hour.

a) yelled b)screamed c)sobbed d) raced e)drowned

Ans: B  – Screamed

3. The waiter put mango juice into my glass.

a)filled b)poured c)reached d)threw e)tossed

Ans: B – Poured

4. The similar meaning of CHASTE is

a)Loyal b) Timid c)Curt d)Pure e)Outspoken

Ans: E – Outspoken

Appropriate Preposition:

Instructions: Choose the most appropriate preposition to fill the gaps to complete the sentences

1. He came ________  a noble family.

a)out b) from c) by d)through

Ans : B – From

2. The Buriganga is _________ the south of Dhaka city.

a) in  b) at  c) to  d)around

Ans :-  C  – To

3. I made ______  my mind to go there.

a) into   b) up   c)out   d)in

Ans: B – Up

4. He agreed ______ the proposal.

a) at b)with c)to d)for

Ans: C – To

5.You must atone ____ your sin.

a)at b) with c) to d) for

Ans : D – For

Find the correct Spellings

a ) Liuteant b) Leftenant c)Lieutenant d)Leitenant

Ans : C – Lieutenant

a) Disonance b)Dissonance c) Disconaence d) Dissonence

Ans- B – Dissonance

a) Cesation b)Cessation c)Cesassion d)Ceasation

Ans- Cessation

a) Hetrogenous b) Hetrogeneous c) Heterogeneous d) heterogenous

Ans : C – heterogeneous

a) Colleaue b) Coleague c) Cholleague d) Caleague.

Ans: Colleague

General Knowledge

OMS stands for – Open Market Sale

Main Cause of night blindness is deficiency of Vitamin – A

Which is the nearest planet to the sun – Mercury

Which one is the most abundant gas in the air -Nitrogen

The Headquarter of Asian development Bank is situated in -Manila

Name of Malaysian currency -Ringit.